The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

In the dynamic environment of multi-component reactive molten salts, speciation unfolds as a complex process, involving multiple competing reaction pathways that are likely to face free energy ...

Although several mouse models have been developed to investigate the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD), most of them are transgenic and, therefore, present disadvantages in terms of costs ...

A new composite ionic liquid (IL) alkylation process has been proven in a pilot plant and retrofitted into an existing 65,000-tonne/year H2SO4 alkylation unit in China. This article discusses the new ...

Background: Although aluminum (Al) is not biologically crucial to the human body, classical studies have demonstrated that excessive human exposure to Al can induce oxidative damage, neuroinflammatory ...

Sodium oxide and potassium oxide dissolve in water to produce alkalis: • Na 2 O(s) + H 2 O (l) → 2 NaOH (aq) • K 2 O(s) + H 2 O (l) → 2 KOH (aq) • 2K(s) + 2H 2 O (l) → 2KOH (aq) + H 2 (g) + heat ...

Polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) have been prepared with copolymers based on imidazolium ionic liquids and the deep eutectic mixture of AlCl3:urea (uralumina) as liquid electrolyte. The copolymers were ...

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, ...

A new ionic liquid (IL) based on a “neutral” ligand, 4-propylpyridine, is obtained via complexation with AlCl3. It is found that the asymmetric cleavage of AlCl3 generates AlCl2+ and AlCl4 , and the ...

Abstract: Aluminum electro-chemical-deposition (ECD) from ionic liquid has become an attracting deposition method. To extend the utilization of the film, in particular for microsystem applications, a ...